The procedure involves an anterior approach to the cervical spine. The degenerated disc is removed, and an artificial disc device is implanted into the disc space. The prosthesis varies based on design, material, and biomechanical properties. Devices typically include two metallic endplates and a plastic or metal core, designed to mimic the natural movement of a healthy cervical disc.

The ideal candidates for Cervical Disc Replacement are those with symptomatic cervical disc disease confined to one or two levels, without significant facet joint degeneration or spinal instability. Biomechanical considerations include maintaining the natural cervical lordosis and center of rotation.

Comparative studies between Cervical Disc Replacement and Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion have shown promising results for Cervical Disc Replacement in terms of maintaining segmental motion and reducing the risk of adjacent segment disease, a known long-term complication of fusion procedures. Patients undergoing Cervical Disc Replacement often experience quicker recovery and faster return to normal activities.

As with any surgical procedure, Cervical Disc Replacement has its risks, including implant malposition, prosthesis wear, and the potential for unintended fusion. Additionally, Cervical Disc Replacement may not be suitable for all cases of cervical spine pathology, especially where there is extensive spinal instability or multi-level disease.